Transport Layer

Transport Layer is the forth layer in #Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model. It has the same name under #Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). Its main purpose is to transfer the chunk of data from Application Layer onto the network. Sometimes, it will cut down the sizes of the data and send them as several packets (its #Protocol Data Units (PDU)). Their header will identify the Well-Known Ports# or socket numbers of the sender and receiver.

It provides services such as sequence control, error detection, retransmission, and Flow Control# so that layer higher than it could assume error-free transmission.

The example of protocols that provide services in this layer are:

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User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

UDP is a widely used #Transport Layer Protocol# (defined by #Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model for the #Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). Unlike Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), it is an unreliable and connectionless protocol which is great for real time communication such as voice chat or video streaming. UDP doesn’t guarantee that the packets or datagram (its Protocol Data Units (PDU))# will reach their destination or arrive in order as there is no mean to acknowledge such state. It has a rather small segment headers, with only 8 bytes, and provides fine application control over data transmission, which allow application-specific error recovery at Application Layer# for reliability.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

TCP is a commonly used Protocol# in #Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). It is a #Transport Layer protocol according to the classification of #Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model.
Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

SSL is a #Security Service developed by Netscape to provide Transport Layer# security for web servers and clients. It could be implemented as part of the underlying Protocol Suite or embedded in specific packages such as browsers and web servers.
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model

Transport Layer#
Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP)

Transport Layer#

TCP/IP is a #Protocol Suite that is widely used for Internet or other computer networks connection. Internet Protocol (IP)# forms the foundation for it. It also comprises some Application Layer, Transport Layer and Network Layer protocols.
End-to-end Encryption (e2e)

e2e occurs between the original source and the final destination, that is the encryption is happened in either Application Layer#, Presentation Layer#, Transport Layer# or Network Layer#. This implies that they have the shared keys. e2e only concerns about the encryption of the user data. If user’s privacy and security is desirable, then e2e is preferred. However, due to the translation limit when jumping between different network technology such as IPv4# and IPv6#, the data sent must be decrypted and then be transformed to an understandable form. This could be a huge compromise.

#networking