The Variance of Code-Word Length is defined as follows:
$$ \sigma = \sum^{K-1}_{K=0} p_k (l_k - \bar{L})^2 $$
Where:
- \(\sigma\) is the Variance of Code-Word Length
- \(K\) is the total number of symbol alphabets of source \(S\)
- \(p\) is the probability of the symbol alphabet
- \(l\) is the code length of the symbol alphabet
- \(\bar{L}\) is the average number of bits per source symbol used in source encoding